general_commands
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general commands
[]
: subscript a stringas.matrix.data.frame(
data)
: convert data to a matriximage.plot(
x, y, matrix)
: color matrix (library(filds))attach, detach
: open/close tableread.table(…)
:skip=n
: begin to read rows after n rowsrow.names=n
: the row names are in column n or a vector giving the actual row namesfill=TRUE
: show missing valuesna.strings=“
N.A.”
: transform N.A. in NA (missing values)
for(i in 1:ncol(
data)) if(is.numeric(
data[,i]))
data[is.na(
data[,i]),i] ← 0
: transform all NA to 0- object
← cbind(
object, as.matrix(“newColumn”))
: add new column or row(rbind
) to an existing matrix byrow=TRUE
(in matrix): makes the matrix row by row (instead of column by column)legend.lab
: write a legend in image.plot- better way:
legend.args=list( text=“
legend text”, cex=1.0, side=4, line=2)
dimnames(
matrix) ← list(
row names, col names)
: name rows and columns in a matrixlas
: rotation of text marginspar(…)
: can be used to set or query graphical parametersmar
: A numerical vector of the formc(bottom, left, top, right)
which gives the number of lines of margin to be specified on the four sides of the plot. The default isc(5, 4, 4, 2) + 0.1
.mfcol, mfrow
: A vector of the formc(nr, nc)
. Subsequent figures will be drawn in an nr-by-nc array on the device by columns (mfcol), or rows (mfrow), respectively. Consider the alternatives, layout and split.screen.mfg
: A numerical vector of the formc(i, j)
where i and j indicate which figure in an array of figures is to be drawn next (if setting) or is being drawn (if enquiring). The array must already have been set by mfcol or mfrow.
general_commands.1201178896.txt.gz · Last modified: 2008/07/22 13:30 (external edit)